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        <h2 id="定义介绍"><a href="#定义介绍" class="headerlink" title="定义介绍"></a>定义介绍</h2><h3 id="XML"><a href="#XML" class="headerlink" title="XML"></a>XML</h3><p>可扩展标记语言，标准通用标记语言的子集，是一种用于标记电子文件使其具有结构性的标记语言。<br>在电子计算机中，标记指计算机所能理解的信息符号，通过此种标记，计算机之间可以处理包含各种的信息比如文章等。它可以用来标记数据、定义数据类型，是一种允许用户对自己的标记语言进行定义的源语言。 它非常适合万维网传输，提供统一的方法来描述和交换独立于应用程序或供应商的结构化数据。是Internet环境中跨平台的、依赖于内容的技术，也是当今处理分布式结构信息的有效工具。早在1998年，W3C就发布了XML1.0规范，使用它来简化Internet的文档信息传输。    </p>
<h3 id="JSON"><a href="#JSON" class="headerlink" title="JSON"></a>JSON</h3><p>JSON(JavaScript Object Notation, JS 对象标记) 是一种轻量级的数据交换格式。它基于 ECMAScript (w3c制定的js规范)的一个子集，采用完全独立于编程语言的文本格式来存储和表示数据。简洁和清晰的层次结构使得 JSON 成为理想的数据交换语言。 易于人阅读和编写，同时也易于机器解析和生成，并有效地提升网络传输效率。</p>
<h2 id="JSON-vs-XML"><a href="#JSON-vs-XML" class="headerlink" title="JSON vs XML"></a>JSON vs XML</h2><ol>
<li>xml代码冗余</li>
<li>xml 数据类型不够广泛</li>
<li>xml 解析复杂</li>
</ol>
<h2 id="JSON用法"><a href="#JSON用法" class="headerlink" title="JSON用法"></a>JSON用法</h2><h3 id="JSON序列化"><a href="#JSON序列化" class="headerlink" title="JSON序列化"></a>JSON序列化</h3><p><code>JSON.stringify(value[, replacer [, space]])</code>即把JS对象转换为传输时的JSON字符串.</p>
<p>参数:</p>
<ul>
<li>value,将要序列化成 一个JSON 字符串的值。</li>
<li>replacer 可选,如果该参数是一个函数，则在序列化过程中，被序列化的值的每个属性都会经过该函数的转换和处理；如果该参数是一个数组，则只有包含在这个数组中的属性名才会被序列化到最终的 JSON 字符串中；如果该参数为null或者未提供，则对象所有的属性都会被序列化；关于该参数更详细的解释和示例，请参考使用原生的 JSON 对象一文。</li>
<li>space 可选,指定缩进用的空白字符串，用于美化输出（pretty-print）；如果参数是个数字，它代表有多少的空格；上限为10。该值若小于1，则意味着没有空格；如果该参数为字符串(字符串的前十个字母)，该字符串将被作为空格；如果该参数没有提供（或者为null）将没有空格。</li>
</ul>
<p>返回值:</p>
<ul>
<li>一个表示给定值的JSON字符串。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="JSON反序列化"><a href="#JSON反序列化" class="headerlink" title="JSON反序列化"></a>JSON反序列化</h3><p><code>JSON.parse()</code>方法解析一个JSON字符串，构造由字符串描述的JavaScript值或对象。可以提供可选的reviver函数以在返回之前对所得到的对象执行变换。</p>
<p>语法:</p>
<ul>
<li><p>JSON.parse(text[, reviver])<br>参数:</p>
</li>
<li><p>text 要被解析成JavaScript值的字符串，查看 JSON 对象学习的JSON 语法的说明。</p>
</li>
<li>reviver 可选,如果是一个函数，则规定了原始值如何被解析改造，在被返回之前。</li>
</ul>
<p>返回值</p>
<ul>
<li>Object对应给定的JSON文本。</li>
</ul>
<h3 id="实例"><a href="#实例" class="headerlink" title="实例"></a>实例</h3><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"utf-8"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>json<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text/javascript"</span>&gt;</span><span class="undefined"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> result = &#123;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">        <span class="string">'name'</span>:<span class="string">'wangkai'</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">        <span class="string">'age'</span>: <span class="number">29</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">        <span class="string">'love'</span>: <span class="literal">null</span>,</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">        <span class="string">'student'</span>: <span class="literal">false</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">      &#125;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> ko = <span class="built_in">JSON</span>.stringify(result);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(ko);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> ok = <span class="built_in">JSON</span>.parse(ko);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(ok);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">    </span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="XML-1"><a href="#XML-1" class="headerlink" title="XML"></a>XML</h2><figure class="highlight xml"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br><span class="line">13</span><br><span class="line">14</span><br><span class="line">15</span><br><span class="line">16</span><br><span class="line">17</span><br><span class="line">18</span><br><span class="line">19</span><br><span class="line">20</span><br><span class="line">21</span><br><span class="line">22</span><br><span class="line">23</span><br><span class="line">24</span><br><span class="line">25</span><br><span class="line">26</span><br><span class="line">27</span><br><span class="line">28</span><br><span class="line">29</span><br><span class="line">30</span><br><span class="line">31</span><br><span class="line">32</span><br><span class="line">33</span><br><span class="line">34</span><br><span class="line">35</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="meta">&lt;!DOCTYPE html&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">meta</span> <span class="attr">charset</span>=<span class="string">"utf-8"</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span>xml<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">title</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">head</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">src</span>=<span class="string">"https://cdn.bootcss.com/jquery/3.2.1/jquery.min.js"</span>&gt;</span><span class="undefined"></span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">    <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">script</span> <span class="attr">type</span>=<span class="string">"text/javascript"</span>&gt;</span><span class="undefined"></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">    <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">"***************************jquery*************************"</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="comment">//创建一个XML</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="handlebars"><span class="xml">      var xmlstr = `<span class="php"><span class="meta">&lt;?</span>xml version=<span class="string">"1.0"</span> encoding=<span class="string">"UTF-8"</span><span class="meta">?&gt;</span></span></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="handlebars"><span class="xml">      <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">student</span>&gt;</span></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="handlebars"><span class="xml">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">name</span>&gt;</span>lisan<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">name</span>&gt;</span></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="handlebars"><span class="xml">        <span class="tag">&lt;<span class="name">age</span>&gt;</span>18<span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">age</span>&gt;</span></span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="handlebars"><span class="xml">      <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">student</span>&gt;</span>`</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="comment">//解析为DOM对象</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> result = $.parseXML(xmlstr);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(result);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="comment">//转换为jQuery对象</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> jXML = $(result);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(jXML);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="comment">//然后取出值</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> student = jXML.find(<span class="string">'student'</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> name = student.find(<span class="string">'name'</span>).text();</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(name)<span class="comment">//lisan</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(<span class="string">"********************js********************************"</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="comment">//解析为DOM对象</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> jsXML = (<span class="keyword">new</span> DOMParser()).parseFromString(xmlstr, <span class="string">"application/xml"</span>);</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="comment">//取出值</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="actionscript">      <span class="keyword">var</span> nam = jsXML.getElementsByTagName(<span class="string">'name'</span>)[<span class="number">0</span>].innerHTML;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="javascript">      <span class="built_in">console</span>.log(nam);<span class="comment">//lisan</span></span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="undefined">    </span><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">script</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line">  <span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">body</span>&gt;</span></span><br><span class="line"><span class="tag">&lt;/<span class="name">html</span>&gt;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>

      
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